Episode 4.9 - Dutch Revolt Pt 9 - Frederick Henry

The 30 Years War has helped rekindle the 80 Years War, and the Dutch are again fighting for their nation's survival. But now they do so as a burgeoning major power on the European stage, led by William the Silent's youngest son, the new Prince of Orange, Frederick Henry. The Dutch stave off conquest and are formerly recognized by Spain and the rest of the world as an independent power with the Peace of Munster, a constituent part of the Peace of Westphalia.

Sources:

• John Lothrop Motley, The Rise of the Dutch Republic

• John Lothrop Motley, The History of the United Netherlands

• Geoffrey Parker, The Dutch Revolt

• Geoffrey Parker, "Why Did the Dutch Revolt Last 80 Years?"

• Geoffrey Parker, The Journal of Military History "Limits to Revolution in Military Affairs"

• Oscar C Gelderbloom, "From Antwerp to Amsterdam"

• JL Bolton, Francesco Guidi Bruscoli, “When Did Antwerp Replace Bruges as the commercial and financial centre of north-western Europe?”, The Economic History Review, 2008

• George Edmuson, The English Historical Review, "Frederick Henry Parts I and II"

Names Mentioned

• Amalia of Solms-Braunfels

• Ambrogio Spinola

• Baruch Spinoza

• Cardinal Infante Ferdinand

• Ernst Casimir

• Henry Casimir

• Jan Pieterzoon Coen

• Maarten Tromp

• Peter Minuit

• Rene Descartes

• William II, Prince of Orange